Egypt Travel Gate

Facts about Egypt today

2010-03-29T01:45:00.001+02:00

Arab republic of Egypt

Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East. The great majority of its estimated 82 million live near the banks of the Nile River, in an area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable agricultural land is found. The large areas of the Sahara Desert are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with the majority spread across the densely-populated centers of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.

Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization and some of the world's most famous monuments, including the Giza pyramid complex and its Great Sphinx. The southern city of Luxor contains numerous ancient artifacts, such as the Karnak Temple and the Valley of the Kings. Egypt is widely regarded as an important political and cultural nation of the Middle East.

Etymology

One of the ancient Egyptian names of the country, Kemet (kṃt), (from kem "black"), is derived from the fertile black soils deposited by the Nile floods, distinct from the deshret, or "red land" (dšṛt), of the desert. The name is realized as kīmi and kīmə in the Coptic stage of the Egyptian language, and appeared in early Greek as Χημία (Khēmía).Another name was t3-mry "land of the riverbank".The names of Upper and Lower Egypt were Ta-Sheme'aw (t3-šmˁw) "sedgeland" and Ta-Mehew (t3 mḥw) "northland", respectively.

Misr, the Arabic and modern official name of Egypt (Egyptian Arabic: Maṣr), is of Semitic origin, directly cognate with other Semitic words for Egypt such as the Hebrew (Mitzráyim), literally meaning "the two straits" (a reference to the dynastic separation of upper and lower Egypt).The word originally connoted "metropolis" or "civilization" and also means "country", or "frontier-land".

The English name "Egypt" came via the Latin word Aegyptus derived from the ancient Greek word Aígyptos. The adjective aigýpti, aigýptios was borrowed into Coptic as gyptios, kyptios, and from there into Arabic as qubṭī, back formed into qubṭ, whence English Copt. The term is derived from Late Egyptian Hikuptah "Memphis", a corruption of the earlier Egyptian name Hat-ka-Ptah (ḥwt-k3-ptḥ), meaning "home of the ka (soul) of Ptah", the name of a temple to the god Ptah at Memphis. Strabo provided a folk etymology according to which Aígyptos had evolved as a compound from Aigaiou uptiōs, meaning "below the Aegean".

Geography

At 1,001,450 square kilometers (386,660 sq mi), Egypt is the world's 38th-largest country. In terms of land area, it is approximately the same size as all of Central America, twice the size of France, four times the size of the United Kingdom,[ and the combined size of the US states of Texas and California.

Nevertheless, due to the aridity of Egypt's climate, population centers are concentrated along the narrow Nile Valley and Delta, meaning that approximately 99% of the population uses only about 5.5% of the total land area.

The Coastline of Alexandria, Egypt's second largest city

Egypt is bordered by Libya to the west, Sudan to the south, and by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the east. Egypt's important role in geopolitics stems from its strategic position: a transcontinental nation, it possesses a land bridge (the Isthmus of Suez) between Africa and Asia, which in turn is traversed by a navigable waterway (the Suez Canal) that connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Indian Ocean via the Red Sea.

The Nile River in Egypt

Apart from the Nile Valley, the majority of Egypt's landscape is a desert. The winds blowing can create sand dunes more than 100 feet (30 m) high. Egypt includes parts of the Sahara Desert and of the Libyan Desert. These deserts were referred to as the "red land" in ancient Egypt, and they protected the Kingdom of the Pharaohs from western threats.

Towns and cities include Alexandria, one of the greatest ancient cities, Aswan, Asyut, Cairo, the modern Egyptian capital, El-Mahalla El-Kubra, Giza, the site of the Pyramid of Khufu, Hurghada, Luxor, Kom Ombo, Port Safaga, Port Said, Sharm el Sheikh, Suez, where the Suez Canal is located, Zagazig, and Al-Minya. Oases include Bahariya, el Dakhla, Farafra, el Kharga and Siwa. Protectorates include Ras Mohamed National Park, Zaranik Protectorate and Siwa.

Climate

Egypt does not receive much rainfall except in the winter months. South of Cairo, rainfall averages only around 2 to 5 mm (0.1 to 0.2 in) per year and at intervals of many years. On a very thin strip of the northern coast the rainfall can be as high as 410 mm (16 in),with most of the rainfall between October and March. Snow falls on Sinai's mountains and some of the north coastal cities such as Damietta, Baltim, Sidi Barrany, etc. and rarely in Alexandria, frost is also known in mid-Sinai and mid-Egypt.

Temperatures average between 80 °F (27 °C) and 90 °F (32 °C) in summer, and up to 109 °F (43 °C) on the Red Sea coast. Temperatures average between 55 °F (13 °C) and 70 °F (21 °C) in winter. A steady wind from the northwest helps hold down the temperature near the Mediterranean coast. The Khamaseen is a wind that blows from the south in Egypt in spring, bringing sand and dust, and sometimes raises the temperature in the desert to more than 100 °F (38 °C).

Every year, a predictable flooding of the Nile replenishes Egypt's soil. This gives the country consistent harvest throughout the year. Many know this event as The Gift of the Nile.

The rise in sea levels due to global warming threatens Egypt's densely populated coastal strip and could have grave consequences for the country's economy, agriculture and industry. Combined with growing demographic pressures, a rise in sea levels could turn millions of Egyptians into environmental refugees by the end of the century, according to climate experts.

Egypt history

Ancient Egypt

Giza Pyramids

There is evidence of rock carvings along the Nile terraces and in the desert oases. In the 10th millennium BC, a culture of hunter-gatherers and fishers replaced a grain-grinding culture. Climate changes and/or overgrazing around 8000 BC began to desiccate the pastoral lands of Egypt, forming the Sahara. Early tribal peoples migrated to the Nile River where they developed a settled agricultural economy and more centralized society.

By about 6000 BC the Neolithic culture rooted in the Nile Valley. During the Neolithic era, several predynastic cultures developed independently in Upper and Lower Egypt. The Badarian culture and the successor Naqada series are generally regarded as precursors to Dynastic Egyptian civilization. The earliest known Lower Egyptian site, Merimda, predates

The Badarian by about seven hundred years. Contemporaneous Lower Egyptian communities coexisted with their southern counterparts for more than two thousand years, remaining somewhat culturally separate, but maintaining frequent contact through trade. The earliest known evidence of Egyptian hieroglyphic inscriptions appeared during the predynastic period on Naqada III pottery vessels, dated to about 3200 BC.

A unified kingdom was founded circa 3150 BC by King Menes, giving rise to a series of dynasties that ruled Egypt for the next three millennia. Egyptians subsequently referred to their unified country as tawy, meaning "two lands", and later kemet (Coptic: kīmi), the "black land", a reference to the fertile black soil deposited by the Nile river. Egyptian culture flourished during this long period and remained distinctively Egyptian in its religion, arts, language and customs. The first two ruling dynasties of a unified Egypt set the stage for the Old Kingdom period, c.2700−2200 BC., famous for its many pyramids, most notably the Third Dynasty pyramid of Djoser and the Fourth Dynasty Giza Pyramids.

The Great Sphinx and the Pyramids of Giza, built during the Old Kingdom, are modern national icons that are at the heart of Egypt's thriving tourism industry.

The First Intermediate Period ushered in a time of political upheaval for about 150 years. Stronger Nile floods and stabilization of government, however, brought back renewed prosperity for the country in the Middle Kingdom c. 2040 BC, reaching a peak during the reign of Pharaoh Amenemhat III. A second period of disunity heralded the arrival of the first foreign ruling dynasty in Egypt, that of the Semitic Hyksos. The Hyksos invaders took over much of Lower Egypt around 1650 BC and founded a new capital at Avaris. They were driven out by an Upper Egyptian force led by Ahmose I, who founded the Eighteenth Dynasty and relocated the capital from Memphis to Thebes.

The New Kingdom (c.1550−1070 BC) began with the Eighteenth Dynasty, marking the rise of Egypt as an international power that expanded during its greatest extension to an empire as far south as Jebel Barkal in Nubia, and included parts of the Levant in the east. This period is noted for some of the most well-known Pharaohs, including Hatshepsut, Thutmose III, Akhenaton and his wife Nefertiti, Tutankhamen and Ramesses II. The first historically attested expression of monotheism came during this period in the form of Atenism. Frequent contacts with other nations brought new ideas to the New Kingdom. The country was later invaded by Libyans, Nubians and Assyrians, but native Egyptians drove them out and regained control of their country.

The Thirtieth Dynasty was the last native ruling dynasty during the Pharaonic epoch. It fell to the Persians in 343 BC after the last native Pharaoh, King Nectanebo II, was defeated in battle. Later, Egypt fell to the Macedonians and Romans, beginning over two thousand years of foreign rule.

Before Egypt became part of the Byzantine realm, Christianity had been brought by Saint Mark the Evangelist in the AD first century. Diocletian's reign marked the transition from the Roman to the Byzantine era in Egypt, when a great number of Egyptian Christians were persecuted. The New Testament had by then been translated into Egyptian. After the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451, a distinct Egyptian Coptic Church was firmly established.

The Hanging Church of Cairo, first built in the third or fourth century AD, is one of the most famous Coptic Churches in Egypt.

The Byzantines were able to regain control of the country after a brief Persian invasion early in the seventh century, until in AD 639; Egypt was invaded by the Muslim Arabs. The form of Islam the Arabs brought to Egypt was Sunni. Early in this period, Egyptians began to blend their new faith with indigenous beliefs and practices that had survived through Coptic Christianity, giving rise to various Sufi orders that have flourished to this day. Muslim rulers nominated by the Islamic Caliphate remained in control of Egypt for the next six centuries, including a period for which Cairo was the seat of the Caliphate under the Fatimids. With the end of the Ayyubid dynasty, the Mamluks, a Turco-Circassian military caste, took control about AD 1250. They continued to govern the country until the conquest of Egypt by the Ottoman Turks in 1517, after which it became a province of the Ottoman Empire. The mid-14th-Century Black Death killed about 40% of the country's population.

Modern history

The brief French Invasion of Egypt led by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1798 had a great social impact on the country and its culture. Native Egyptians became exposed to the principles of the French Revolution and had a chance to exercise self-governance. The expulsion of the French in 1801 by Ottoman, Mamluk, and British forces was followed by four years of anarchy in which Ottomans, Mamluks, and Albanians who were nominally in the service of the Ottomans, wrestled for power. Out of this chaos, the commander of the Albanian regiment, Muhammad Ali (Kavalali Mohamed Ali Pasha) emerged as a dominant figure and in 1805 was acknowledged by the Sultan in Istanbul as his pasha (viceroy) in Egypt; the title implied subordination to the Sultan but this was in fact a polite fiction: Ottoman power in Egypt was finished and Muhammad Ali, an ambitious and able leader, established a dynasty that was to rule Egypt (at first really and later as British puppets) until the revolution of 1952. His primary focus was military: he annexed Northern Sudan (1820-1824), Syria (1833), and parts of Arabia and Anatolia; but in 1841 the European powers, fearful lest he topple Byzantium itself, checked him: he had to return most of his conquests to the Ottomans, but he kept the Sudan and his title to Egypt was made hereditary. A more lasting consequence of his military ambition is that it made him the modernizer of Egypt. Anxious to learn the military (and therefore industrial) techniques of the great powers he sent students to the West and invited training missions to Egypt. He built industries, a system of canals for irrigation and transport, and reformed the civil service. For better or worse, the introduction in 1820 of long-staple cotton, the Egyptian variety of which became famous, transformed Egyptian agriculture into a cash-crop monoculture before the end of the century. The social effects of this were enormous: it led to the concentration of agriculture in the hands of large landowners, and, with the additional trigger of high cotton prices caused by the United States' civil war production drop, to a large influx of foreigners who began in earnest the exploitation of Egypt for international commodity production.

Muhammad Ali was succeeded briefly by his son Ibrahim (in September 1848), then by a grandson Abbas I (in November 1848), then by Said (in 1854), and Isma'il (in 1863). Abbas I was cautious. Said and Ismail were ambitious developers; unfortunately they spent beyond their means. The Suez Canal, built in partnership with the French, was completed in 1869. The expense of this and other projects had two effects: it led to enormous debt to European banks, and caused popular discontent because of the onerous taxation it necessitated. In 1875 Ismail was forced to sell Egypt's share in the canal to the British government. Within three years this led to the imposition of British and French controllers who sat in the Egyptian cabinet, and, "with the financial power of the bondholders behind them, were the real power in the government." Local dissatisfaction with Ismail and with European intrusion led to the formation of the first nationalist groupings in 1879, with Ahmad Urabi a prominent figure. In 1882 he became head of a nationalist-dominated ministry committed to democratic reforms including parliamentary control of the budget. Fearing a diminishment of their control, Britain and France intervened militarily, bombarding Alexandria and crushing the Egyptian army at the battle of Tel el-Kebir. They reinstalled Ismail's son Tewfik as figurehead of a de facto British protectorate. In 1914 the Protectorate was made official, and the title of the head of state, which had changed from pasha to khedive in 1867, was changed to sultan, to repudiate the vestigial suzerainty of the Ottoman sultan, who was backing the Central powers in World War I. Abbas II was deposed as khedive and replaced by his uncle, Husayn Kamil, as sultan.

In 1906, the Dinshaway Incident prompted many neutral Egyptians to join the nationalist movement. After the First World War, Saad Zaghlul and the Wafd Party led the Egyptian nationalist movement, gaining a majority at the local Legislative Assembly. When the British exiled Zaghlul and his associates to Malta on 8 March 1919, the country arose in its first modern revolution. Constant revolting by the Egyptian people throughout the country led Great Britain to issue a unilateral declaration of Egypt's independence on 22 February 1922.

The Revolution:

The new Egyptian government drafted and implemented a new constitution in 1923 based on a parliamentary representative system. Saad Zaghlul was popularly-elected as Prime Minister of Egypt in 1924. In 1936 the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty was concluded. Continued instability in the government due to remaining British control and increasing political involvement by the king led to the ousting of the monarchy and the dissolution of the parliament in a military coup d'état known as the 1952 Revolution. The officers, known as the Free Officers Movement, forced King Farouk to abdicate in support of his son Fuad.

On 18 June 1953, the Egyptian Republic was declared, with General Muhammad Naguib as the first President of the Republic. Naguib was forced to resign in 1954 by Jamal Abdel Nasser – the real architect of the 1952 movement – and was later put under house arrest. Nasser assumed power as President and declared the full independence of Egypt from the United Kingdom on 18 June 1956. His nationalization of the Suez Canal on 26 July 1956 prompted the 1956 Suez Crisis.

Three years after the 1967 Six Day War, during which Israel had invaded and occupied Sinai, Nasser died and was succeeded by Anwar Sadat. Sadat switched Egypt's Cold War allegiance from the Soviet Union to the United States, expelling Soviet advisors in 1972. He launched the Infitah economic reform policy, while violently clamping down on religious and secular opposition alike.

In 1973, Egypt, along with Syria, launched the October War, a surprise attack against the Israeli forces occupying the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights. It was an attempt to liberate the territory Israel had captured 6 years earlier. Both the US and the USSR intervened and a cease-fire was reached. Despite not being a complete military success, most historians agree that the October War presented Sadat with a political victory that later allowed him to regain the Sinai in return with peace with Israel.

Sadat made a historic visit to Israel in 1977, which led to the 1979 peace treaty in exchange for the complete Israeli withdrawal from Sinai. Sadat's initiative sparked enormous controversy in the Arab world and led to Egypt's expulsion from the Arab League, but it was supported by the vast majority of Egyptians. A fundamentalist military soldier assassinated Sadat in Cairo in 1981. He was succeeded by the incumbent Hosni Mubarak. In 2003, the Egyptian Movement for Change, popularly known as Kefaya, was launched to seek a return to democracy and greater civil liberties.

Egypt identity

The Nile Valley was home to one of the oldest cultures in the world, spanning three thousand years of continuous history. When Egypt fell under a series of foreign occupations after 343 BC, each left an indelible mark on the country's cultural landscape. Egyptian identity evolved in the span of this long period of occupation to accommodate, in principle, two new religions, Christianity and Islam; and a new language, Arabic, and its spoken descendant, Egyptian Arabic.The degree to which Egyptians identify with each layer of Egypt's history in articulating a sense of collective identity can vary. Questions of identity came to fore in the last century as Egypt sought to free itself from foreign occupation for the first time in two thousand years. Three chief ideologies came to head: ethno-territorial Egyptian nationalism, secular Arab nationalism and pan-Arabism, and Islamism. Egyptian nationalism predates its Arab counterpart by many decades, having roots in the nineteenth century and becoming the dominant mode of expression of Egyptian anti-colonial activists and intellectuals until the early 20th century.Arab nationalism reached a peak under Nasser but was once again relegated under Sadat; meanwhile, the ideology espoused by Islamists such as the Muslim Brotherhood is present in small segments of the lower-middle strata of Egyptian society.

Politics

National:

Egypt has been a republic since 18 June 1953. President Mohamed Hosni Mubarak has been the President of the Republic since 14 October 1981, following the assassination of former-President Mohammed Anwar El-Sadat. Mubarak is currently serving his fifth term in office. He is the leader of the ruling National Democratic Party. Prime Minister Dr. Ahmed Nazif was sworn in as Prime Minister on 9 July 2004, following the resignation of Dr. Atef Ebeid from his office.

Although power is ostensibly organized under a multi-party semi-presidential system, whereby the executive power is theoretically divided between the President and the Prime Minister, in practice it rests almost solely with the President who traditionally has been elected in single-candidate elections for more than fifty years. Egypt also holds regular multi-party parliamentary elections. The last presidential election, in which Mubarak won a fifth consecutive term, was held in September 2005.

In late February 2005, President Mubarak announced in a surprise television broadcast that he had ordered the reform of the country's presidential election law, paving the way for multi-candidate polls in the upcoming presidential election. For the first time since the 1952 movement, the Egyptian people had an apparent chance to elect a leader from a list of various candidates. The President said his initiative came "out of my full conviction of the need to consolidate efforts for more freedom and democracy.However, the new law placed draconian restrictions on the filing for presidential candidacies, designed to prevent well-known candidates such as Ayman Nour from standing against Mubarak, and paved the road for his easy re-election victory.Concerns were once again expressed after the 2005 presidential elections about government interference in the election process through fraud and vote-rigging, in addition to police brutality and violence by pro-Mubarak supporters against opposition demonstrators. After the election, Egypt imprisoned Nour, and the U.S. Government stated the "conviction of Mr. Nour, the runner-up in Egypt's 2005 presidential elections, calls into question Egypt's commitment to democracy, freedom, and the rule of law.

As a result, most Egyptians are skeptical about the process of democratization and the role of the elections. Less than 25 percent of the country's 32 million registered voters (out of a population of more than 72 million) turned out for the 2005 elections.A proposed change to the constitution would limit the president to two seven-year terms in office.

Thirty-four constitutional changes voted on by parliament on 19 March 2007 prohibit parties from using religion as a basis for political activity; allow the drafting of a new anti-terrorism law to replace the emergency legislation in place since 1981, giving police wide powers of arrest and surveillance; give the president power to dissolve parliament; and end judicial monitoring of election.[40] As opposition members of parliament withdrew from voting on the proposed changes, it was expected that the referendum would be boycotted by a great number of Egyptians in protest of what has been considered a breach of democratic practices. Eventually it was reported that only 27% of the registered voters went to the polling stations under heavy police presence and tight political control of the ruling National Democratic Party. It was officially announced on 27 March 2007 that 75.9% of those who participated in the referendum approved of the constitutional amendments introduced by President Mubarak and was endorsed by opposition free parliament, thus allowing the introduction of laws that curb the activity of certain opposition elements, particularly Islamists.

Human rights:

Members of the Kefaya democracy movement protesting a fifth term for President Hosni Mubarak. See also video.

Several local and international human rights organizations, including Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, have for many years criticized Egypt's human rights record as poor. In 2005, President Hosni Mubarak faced unprecedented public criticism when he clamped down on democracy activists challenging his rule. Some of the most serious human rights violations, according to HRW's 2006 report on Egypt, are routine torture, arbitrary detentions and trials before military and state security courts.

Discriminatory personal status laws governing marriage, divorce, custody and inheritance which put women at a disadvantage have also been cited. Laws concerning Coptic Christians which place restrictions on church building and open worship have been recently eased, but major construction still requires governmental approval, while sporadic attacks on Christians and churches continue. Intolerance of Bahá'ís and unorthodox Muslim sects, such as Sufis and Shi'a, also remains a problem.The Egyptian legal system only recognizes three religions: Islam, Christianity and Judaism. When the government moved to computerize identification cards, members of religious minorities, such as Bahá'ís, could not obtain identification documents. An Egyptian court ruled in early 2008 that members of other faiths can obtain identity cards without listing their faiths, and without becoming officially recognized.(For more on the status of religious minorities, see the Religion section.)

In 2005, the Freedom House rated political rights in Egypt as "6" (1 representing the most free and 7 the least free rating), civil liberties as "5" and gave it the freedom rating of "Not Free. It however noted that "Egypt witnessed its most transparent and competitive presidential and legislative elections in more than half a century and an increasingly unbridled public debate on the country's political future in 2005.

In 2007, human rights group Amnesty International released a report criticizing Egypt for torture and illegal detention. The report alleges that Egypt has become an international center for torture, where other nations send suspects for interrogation, often as part of the War on Terror. The report calls on Egypt to bring its anti-terrorism laws into accordance with international human rights statutes and on other nations to stop sending their detainees to Egypt. Egypt's foreign ministry quickly issued a rebuttal to this report, claiming that it was inaccurate and unfair, as well as causing deep offense to the Egyptian government.

Consensual homosexual conduct between adults is criminalized under Egyptian law as a "practice of debauchery".Since 2001, Egyptian authorities have made hundreds of arbitrary arrests of young gay men, many of whom have been tried and convicted for acts of "debauchery", while hundreds of others have been harassed and tortured, according to HRW. In February 2008, a new round of arrests and torture of HIV-positive citizens followed a man's admission to the police that he was HIV-positive, sparking international outcry that the Egyptian government was treating the AIDS disease as a homosexual "crime" instead of providing care, prevention and education.

The Egyptian Organization for Human Rights (EOHR) is one of the longest-standing bodies for the defence of human rights in Egypt. In 2003, the government established the National Council for Human Rights, headquartered in Cairo and headed by former UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali who directly reports to the president.The council has come under heavy criticism by local NGO activists, who contend it undermines human rights work in Egypt by serving as a propaganda tool for the government to excuse its violations[54] and to provide legitimacy to repressive laws such as the recently renewed Emergency Law. Egypt had announced in 2006 that it was in the process of abolishing the Emergency Law,but in March 2007 President Mubarak approved several constitutional amendments to include "an anti-terrorism clause that appears to enshrine sweeping police powers of arrest and surveillance", suggesting that the Emergency Law is here to stay for the long haul.

Foreign relations:

Egypt's foreign policy operates along moderate lines. Factors such as population size, historical events, military strength, diplomatic expertise and a strategic geographical position give Egypt extensive political influence in Africa and the Middle East. Cairo has been a crossroads of regional commerce and culture for centuries, and its intellectual and Islamic institutions are at the center of the region's social and cultural development.

The permanent Headquarters of the Arab League are located in Cairo and the Secretary General of the Arab League has traditionally been an Egyptian. Former Egyptian Foreign Minister Amr Moussa is the current Secretary General. The Arab League briefly moved from Egypt to Tunis in 1978, as a protest to the signing by Egypt of a peace treaty with Israel, but returned in 1989.

Egypt was the first Arab state to establish diplomatic relations with Israel, with the signing of the Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty in 1979. Egypt has a major influence amongst other Arab states, and has historically played an important role as a mediator in resolving disputes between various Arab states, and in the Israeli-Palestinian dispute.

Former Egyptian Deputy Prime Minister Boutros Boutros-Ghali served as Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1991 to 1996.

In the twenty-first century, Egypt has encountered a major problem with immigration, as millions of Africans attempt to enter Egypt fleeing poverty and war. Border control methods can be "harsh, sometimes lethal.

Economy

Egypt's economy depends mainly on agriculture, media, petroleum exports, and tourism; there are also more than three million Egyptians working abroad, mainly in Saudi Arabia, the Persian Gulf and Europe. The completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1970 and the resultant Lake Nasser have altered the time-honored place of the Nile River in the agriculture and ecology of Egypt. A rapidly-growing population, limited arable land, and dependence on the Nile all continue to overtax resources and stress the economy.

The government has struggled to prepare the economy for the new millennium through economic reform and massive investments in communications and physical infrastructure. Egypt has been receiving U.S. foreign aid (since 1979, an average of $2.2 billion per year) and is the third-largest recipient of such funds from the United States following the Iraq war. Its main revenues however come from tourism as well as traffic that goes through the Suez Canal.

Egypt has a developed energy market based on coal, oil, natural gas, and hydro power. Substantial coal deposits are in the north-east Sinai, and are mined at the rate of about 600,000 tonnes (590,000 LT; 660,000 ST) per year. Oil and gas are produced in the western desert regions, the Gulf of Suez, and the Nile Delta. Egypt has huge reserves of gas, estimated at 1,940 cubic kilometres, and LNG is exported to many countries.

Economic conditions have started to improve considerably after a period of stagnation from the adoption of more liberal economic policies by the government, as well as increased revenues from tourism and a booming stock market. In its annual report, the IMF has rated Egypt as one of the top countries in the world undertaking economic reforms.Some major economic reforms taken by the new government since 2003 include a dramatic slashing of customs and tariffs. A new taxation law implemented in 2005 decreased corporate taxes from 40% to the current 20%, resulting in a stated 100% increase in tax revenue by the year 2006.

FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) into Egypt has increased considerably in the past few years due to the recent economic liberalization measures taken by minister of investment Mahmoud Mohieddin, exceeding $6 billion in 2006.

Although one of the main obstacles still facing the Egyptian economy is the trickle down of the wealth to the average population, many Egyptians criticize their government for higher prices of basic goods while their standards of living or purchasing power remains relatively stagnant. Often corruption is blamed by Egyptians as the main impediment to feeling the benefits of the newly attained wealth.Major reconstruction of the country's infrastructure is promised by the government, with a large portion of the sum paid for the newly acquired 3rd mobile license ($3 billion) by Etisalat.

The best known examples of Egyptian companies that have expanded regionally and globally are the Orascom Group and Raya. The IT sector has been expanding rapidly in the past few years, with many new start-ups conducting outsourcing business to North America and Europe, operating with companies such as Microsoft, Oracle and other major corporations, as well as numerous SME's. Some of these companies are the Xceed Contact Center, Raya Contact Center, E Group Connections and C3 along with other start ups in that country. The sector has been stimulated by new Egyptian entrepreneurs trying to capitalize on their country's huge potential in the sector, as well as constant government encouragement.

Demographics

Egypt is the most populated country in the Middle East and the third most populous on the African continent, with an estimated 75 million people (as of mid-2008). Egypt's population was estimated at 3 million when Napoleon invaded the country.Almost all the population is concentrated along the banks of the Nile (notably Cairo and Alexandria), in the Delta and near the Suez Canal. Approximately 90% of the population adheres to Islam and most of the remainder to Christianity, primarily the Coptic Orthodox denomination.Apart from religious affiliation, Egyptians can be divided demographically into those who live in the major urban centers and the fellahin or farmers of rural villages. The last 40 years have seen a rapid increase in population due to medical advances and massive increase in agricultural productivity,made by the Green Revolution.

Egyptians are by far the largest ethnic group in Egypt at 98% of the total population.Ethnic minorities include the Bedouin Arab tribes living in the eastern deserts and the Sinai Peninsula, the Berber-speaking Siwis (Amazigh) of the Siwa Oasis, and the ancient Nubian communities clustered along the Nile. There are also tribal communities of Beja concentrated in the south-eastern-most corner of the country, and a number of Dom clans mostly in the Nile Delta and Faiyum who are progressively becoming assimilated as urbanization increases.

Egypt also hosts an unknown number of refugees and asylum seekers, but they are estimated to be between 500,000 and 3 million.There are some 70,000 Palestinian refugees,and about 150,000 recently arrived Iraqi refugees,but the number of the largest group, the Sudanese, is contested.The once-vibrant Greek and Jewish communities in Egypt have virtually disappeared, with only a small number remaining in the country, but many Egyptian Jews visit on religious occasions and for tourism. Several important Jewish archaeological and historical sites are found in Cairo, Alexandria and other cities.

Religion

Cairo's unique cityscape with its ancient mosques. Since 640 AD, as many mosques have appeared throughout Egypt, so Cairo, has acquired the nickname of "city of a thousand minarets"

Religion in Egypt controls many aspects of social life and is endorsed by law. Egypt is predominantly Muslim, with Muslims comprising about 90% of a population of around 80 million Egyptians Almost the entirety of Egypt's Muslims are Sunnis.A significant number of Muslim Egyptians also follow native Sufi orders,and there is a minority of Shi'a.

Most of the non-Muslims in Egypt are Christians. Christians represent around 10% of the population and are the largest Christian community in the Middle East.About 90% of Christians in Egypt belong to the native Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria.Other native Egyptian Christians are adherents of the Coptic Catholic Church, the Coptic Evangelical Church and various Coptic Protestant denominations. Non-native Christian communities are largely found in the urban regions of Cairo and Alexandria.

There is also a small, but nonetheless historically significant, non-immigrant Bahá'í population around 2000,and an even smaller community of Jews of about 200,then a tiny number of Egyptians who identify as atheist and agnostic. The non-Sunni, non-Coptic communities range in size from several hundreds to a few thousand. The original Ancient Egyptian religion has all but disappeared.

According to the constitution of Egypt, any new legislation must at least implicitly agree with Islamic law; however, the constitution bans political parties with a religious agenda.

Egypt hosts two major religious institutions. Al-Azhar University, founded in 970 A.D by the Fatimids as the first Islamic University in Egypt and the main Egyptian Church the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria established in the middle of the 1st century by Saint Mark.

In Egypt, Muslims and Christians live as neighbors, they share a common history and national identity. They also share the same ethnicity, race, culture, and language.

Al-Azhar Mosque founded in AD 970 by the Fatimids as the first Islamic University in Egypt

Millions of Egyptians follow the Christian faith as members of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria.

Religion plays a central role in most Egyptians' lives, The Adhan (Islamic call to prayer) that is heard five times a day has the informal effect of regulating the pace of everything from business to media and entertainment. Cairo is famous for its numerous mosque minarets and is justifiably dubbed "the city of 1,000 minarets",with a significant number of church towers. This religious landscape has been marred by a history of religious extremism,recently witnessing a 2006 judgement of Egypt's Supreme Administrative Court, which made a clear legal distinction between "recognized religions" (i.e., Islam, Christianity, and Judaism) and all other religious beliefs. This ruling effectively delegitimizes and forbids practice of all but the three Abrahamic religions.This judgment had made it necessary for non-Abrahamic religious communities to either commit perjury or be denied Egyptian identification cards (see Egyptian identification card controversy), until a 2008 Cairo court case ruled that unrecognized religious minorities may obtain birth certificates and identification documents, so long as they omit their religion on court documents.

In 2002, under the Mubarak government, Coptic Christmas (January the 7th) was recognized as an official holiday,though Copts complain of being minimally represented in law enforcement, state security and public office, and of being discriminated against in the workforce on the basis of their religion.The Coptic community, as well as several human rights activists and intellectuals, maintain that the number of Christians occupying government posts is not proportional to the number of Copts in Egypt.

Culture

Egyptian culture has five thousand years of recorded history. Ancient Egypt was among the earliest civilizations and for millennia, Egypt maintained a strikingly complex and stable culture that influenced later cultures of Europe, the Middle East and other African countries. After the Pharaonic era, Egypt itself came under the influence of Hellenism, Christianity, and Islamic culture. Today, many aspects of Egypt's ancient culture exist in interaction with newer elements, including the influence of modern Western culture, itself with roots in ancient Egypt.

Egypt's capital city, Cairo, is Africa's largest city and has been renowned for centuries as a center of learning, culture and commerce. Egypt has the highest number of Nobel Laureates in Africa and the Arab World. Some Egyptian born politicians were or are currently at the helm of major international organizations like Boutros Boutros-Ghali of the United Nations and Mohamed ElBaradei of the IAEA.

Renaissance:

The work of early nineteenth-century scholar Rifa'a et-Tahtawi gave rise to the Egyptian Renaissance, marking the transition from Medieval to Early Modern Egypt. His work renewed interest in Egyptian antiquity and exposed Egyptian society to Enlightenment principles. Tahtawi co-founded with education reformer Ali Mubarak a native Egyptology school that looked for inspiration to medieval Egyptian scholars, such as Suyuti and Maqrizi, who themselves studied the history, language and antiquities of Egypt.Egypt's renaissance peaked in the late 19th and early 20th centuries through the work of people like Muhammad Abduh, Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed, Tawfiq el-Hakim, Louis Awad, Qasim Amin, Salama Moussa, Taha Hussein and Mahmoud Mokhtar. They forged a liberal path for Egypt expressed as a commitment to individual freedom, secularism and faith in science to bring progress.

Art and architecture:

The Egyptians were one of the first major civilizations to codify design elements in art and architecture. The wall paintings done in the service of the Pharaohs followed a rigid code of visual rules and meanings. Egyptian civilization is renowned for its colossal pyramids, colonnades and monumental tombs. Well-known examples are the Pyramid of Djoser designed by ancient architect and engineer Imhotep, the Sphinx, and the temple of Abu Simbel. Modern and contemporary Egyptian art can be as diverse as any works in the world art scene, from the vernacular architecture of Hassan Fathy and Ramses Wissa Wassef, to Mahmoud Mokhtar's famous sculptures, to the distinctive Coptic iconography of Isaac Fanous.

The Cairo Opera House serves as the main performing arts venue in the Egyptian capital. Egypt's media and arts industry has flourished since the late nineteenth century, today with more than thirty satellite channels and over one hundred motion pictures produced each year. Cairo has long been known as the "Hollywood of the Middle East;" its annual film festival, the Cairo International Film Festival, has been rated as one of 11 festivals with a top class rating worldwide by the International Federation of Film Producers' Associations.[88] To bolster its media industry further, especially with the keen competition from the Persian Gulf Arab States and Lebanon, a large media city was built. Some Egyptian-born actors, like Omar Sharif, have achieved worldwide fame.

Literature:

Literature constitutes an important cultural element in the life of Egypt. Egyptian novelists and poets were among the first to experiment with modern styles of Arabic literature, and the forms they developed have been widely imitated throughout the Middle East. The first modern Egyptian novel Zaynab by Muhammad Husayn Haykal was published in 1913 in the Egyptian vernacular.Egyptian novelist Naguib Mahfouz was the first Arabic-language writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Egyptian women writers include Nawal El Saadawi, well known for her feminist activism, and Alifa Rifaat who also writes about women and tradition. Vernacular poetry is perhaps the most popular literary genre amongst Egyptians, represented by the works of Ahmed Fouad Negm (Fagumi), Salah Jaheen and Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi.

Music:

Egyptian music is a rich mixture of indigenous, Mediterranean, African and Western elements. In antiquity, Egyptians were playing harps and flutes, including two indigenous instruments: the ney and the oud. Percussion and vocal music also became an important part of the local music tradition ever since. Contemporary Egyptian music traces its beginnings to the creative work of people such as Abdu-l Hamuli, Almaz and Mahmud Osman, who influenced the later work of Egyptian music giants such as Sayed Darwish, Umm Kulthum, Mohammed Abdel Wahab and Abdel Halim Hafez. From the 1970s onwards, Egyptian pop music has become increasingly important in Egyptian culture, while Egyptian folk music continues to be played during weddings and other festivities.

Festivals:

Egypt is famous for its many festivals and religious carnivals, also known as mulid. They are usually associated with a particular Coptic or Sufi saint, but are often celebrated by all Egyptians irrespective of creed or religion. Ramadan has a special flavor in Egypt, celebrated with sounds, lights (local lanterns known as fawanees) and much flare that many Muslim tourists from the region flock to Egypt during Ramadan to witness the spectacle. The ancient spring festival of Sham en Nisim has been celebrated by Egyptians for thousands of years, typically between the Egyptian months of Paremoude (April) and Pashons (May), following Easter Sunday.

Sports:

Football (soccer) is the de facto national sport of Egypt. Egyptian Soccer clubs El Ahly, Petrojet, ENPPI, Haras El Hodood, Police Unión, Army's Vanguards, Ismaily, El Zamalekand El Masry are the most popular teams and enjoy the reputation of long-time regional champions. The great rivalries keep the streets of Egypt energized as people fill the streets when their favorite team wins. Egypt is rich in soccer history as soccer has been around for over 100 years. The country is home to many African championships such as the Africa Cup of Nations. While, Egypt's national team has not qualified for the FIFA World Cup since 1990, the Egyptian team won the Africa Cup Of Nations an unprecedented six times, including two times in a row in 1957 and 1959 and again in 2006 and 2008, setting a world record.

Squash and tennis are other popular sports in Egypt. The Egyptian squash team has been known for its fierce competition in international championships since the 1930s. Amr Shabana is Egypt's best player and the winner of the world open three times and the best player of 2006.

The Egyptian Handball team also holds another record; throughout the 34 times the African Handball Nations Championship was held, Egypt won first place five times (including 2008), five times second place, four times third place, and came in fourth place twice. The team won 6th and 7th places in 1995, 1997 at the World Men's Handball Championship, and twice won 6th place at the 1996 and 2000 Olympics.

In 2007, Omar Samra joined Ben Stephens (England), Victoria James (Wales) and Greg Maud (South Africa) in putting together an expedition to climb Mount Everest from its South side. The Everest expedition began on 25 March 2007 and lasted for just over 9 weeks. On the 17th of May at precisely 9:49 am Nepal time, Omar became the first and youngest Egyptian to climb 8,850m Mount Everest. He also became the first Egyptian to climb Everest from its South face, the same route taken by Sir Edmund Hilary and Sherpa Tenzing in 1953.

Egypt has a long history of participation at the Summer Olympics since 1912.

Military

The Egyptian Armed forces have a combined troop strength of around 450,000 active personnel.According to the Israeli chair of the former Knesset Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee, Yuval Steinitz, the Egyptian Air Force has roughly the same number of modern warplanes as the Israeli Air Force and far more Western tanks, artillery, anti-aircraft batteries and warships than the IDF.The Egyptian military has recently undergone massive military modernization mostly in their Air Force. Other than Israel, Egypt is speculated by Israel to be the first country in the region with a spy satellite, EgyptSat 1, and is planning to launch 3 more satellites (DesertSat1, EgyptSat2, and DesertSat2) over the next two years. Egypt is considered to be the leading military power in the Middle East along with Israel.

Transfers & ground transport in Sinai resorts

2010-03-29T01:43:00.001+02:00

if you are looking for hassle free Transfers from / to Sharm El Sheikh, Dahab, Taba port, hotel or land border, Nuwibaa port & hotel or St.catherine. Book now our tourist class & private VIPs arrival and departure transfers from / to all Sinai resorts and districts. Our transfer services with modern A/C cars, mini-buses up to full size coaches to accommodate any group size are available 24/7.

Sharm El Sheikh port Departure Transfer

Travel from your Sharm El Sheikh hotel to Sharm El sheikh port (Sharm El Sheikh Marina). Transfer services are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week...

Sharm El Sheikh port Arrival...

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Sharm El Sheikh Airport Arrival Transfer

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Sharm El Shiekh Airport Departure Transfer

Travel from your Sharm El Sheikh hotel to Sharm El Sheikh International Airport. Transfer services are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week...

Red Sea Transfers & ground transfers

2010-03-29T01:41:00.001+02:00

Our arrival and departure transfer service To / from Hurghada airport, Hurghada marina, El-Gouna, Makadi bay, Soma Bay, Safaga port or any of the red sea resorts are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week making it easy to get around while on holiday in Red sea. Book our tourist class or VIP private ground transport to Luxor & other Upper Egypt cities for an easy ride to ancient Egypt.

Hurghada port Departure Transfer

Travel from your Hurghada, El-Gouna, Makadi, Soma Bay or Safaga hotel to Hurghada port (Hurghada Marina). Transfer services are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week...

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Travel from Hurghada, El-Gouna, Makadi, Soma Bay or Safaga hotel to Hurghada International Airport. Transfer services are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week...

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Travel from Hurghada International Airport to your Hurghada, El-Gouna, Makadi, Soma Bay or Safaga hotel. Transfer services are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week..

Bus Transfer from Hurghada to Luxor

Ready for a bit of history and culture? Book your Private Transfer from Hurghada to Luxor for an easy ride to ancient Egypt. Travel from Hurghada to Luxor. Transfer services are available 24/7.

Transfers & ground transport in Aswan

2010-03-29T01:39:00.001+02:00

Save time and hassle at your destination. Ensure your departure or arrival into Aswan is smooth & worry free by booking today. Transfer services from / to Aswan airport, cruise port or train station are available 24/7. Ground transport from Aswan to Upper Egypt sites & Red sea resorts by A/C cars up to full size coaches to accommodate any group size ensures an easy transit between Egypt cities

Aswan Railway Station Departure transfer

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Aswan Nile cruise Departure transfer

While in Egypt you will have had plenty of time to haggle over prices, why do it again just to get home? Book your Aswan Nile cruise Private Departure Transfer for ...

Aswan Airport Arrival Transfer

By booking your Aswan Airport Private Arrival Transfer you will save time and hassle at your destination. Ensure your arrival into Aswan is smooth and worry free by booking today. Travel from Aswan Airport to your Aswan City hotel. Transfer services are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Aswan Airport Departure Transfer

While in Egypt you will have had plenty of time to haggle over prices, why do it again just to get home? Book your Aswan Airport Private Departure Transfer for a hassle free departure from Aswan.Travel from your Aswan City hotel to Aswan Airport. Transfer services are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

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Aswan Nile cruise Arrival Transfer

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Private Transfer from Aswan to luxor

Make the most of your time in Egypt and visit all the major attractions. This Private Transfer from Aswan to Luxor ensures an easy transit between two of the great ancient cities of Egypt. Travel from Aswan to Luxor. Transfer services are twice a day.

Luxor transfers & ground transport

2010-03-29T01:37:00.003+02:00

Ready for a bit of history and culture? Book your Transfers & ground transport from Luxor airport, cruise port or train station for an easy ride to ancient Egypt. Travel from Luxor to Upper Egypt major sites & Red sea resorts for an affordable and safe way to get between Egypt famous attractions. Arrival and departure tourist class & VIP private transfers are available 24/7..book now

Luxor Nile cruise Departure transfer

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Luxor Railway Station Departure transfer

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Luxor Airport Departure Transfer

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Luxor Nile cruise Arrival Transfer

By booking your Luxor Nile cruise Private Arrival Transfer you will save time and hassle at your destination. Ensure your arrival into Luxor is smooth and worry free by booking today. Travel from Luxor Airport or Luxor railway station to your Luxor Nile cruise . Transfer services are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Luxor Railway Station Arrival transfer

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Private Transfer from Luxor to aswan

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Luxor transfers & ground transport

2010-03-29T01:37:00.001+02:00

Luxor Nile cruise Departure transfer

Luxor Railway Station Departure transfer

Luxor Airport Departure Transfer

Luxor Airport Arrival Transfer

Luxor Nile cruise Arrival Transfer

Luxor Railway Station Arrival transfer

Private Transfer from Luxor to aswan

Alexandria transfers & ground transport

2010-03-29T01:35:00.003+02:00

Looking for Alexandria Port, airport or train station Transfers? Need ground transport from Alexandria to all Egypt major cities? Find & book your Transfers or Ground Transport making it easy to get around while on holiday in Alexandria. We offer both tourist class & VIP private transfers; we use modern A/C cars, mini-buses up to full size coaches for transfers to accommodate any group size.

Alexandria port Departure Transfer

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Alexandria Railway Station Departure transfer

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Alexandria port Arrival Transfer

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Alexandria Airport Arrival Transfer

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Alexandria transfers & ground transport

2010-03-29T01:35:00.001+02:00

Alexandria port Departure Transfer

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Alexandria port Arrival Transfer

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Alexandria Airport Arrival Transfer

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Alexandria Airport Departure transfer

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Cairo transfers & ground transport

2010-03-29T01:33:00.001+02:00

Don't land in an unfamiliar city without knowing how you are getting to your hotel. Find and book your Cairo Transfers or Ground Transport making it easy to get around while on holiday in Cairo, we offer transfer services inside Cairo from Cairo international airport or Train station to 6th October City, Heliopolis, Giza, Downtown, and Mirage City and from Cairo to other cities around Egypt.

Cairo Railway Station Departure Transfer

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Cairo Airport Arrival Transfer

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Cairo Railway Station Arrival Transfer

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Egypt transfer service

2010-03-29T01:31:00.000+02:00

Now it is easier than ever for you to find your required transport service to any destination inside Egypt. Find & book Egypt Transfers, Ground Transport services in Cairo, Alexandria, Luxor, and Aswan and to / from Egypt major cities. We offer both tourist class & VIP private transfers. We use modern A/C cars, mini-buses up to full size coaches for transfers to accommodate any group size.

Cairo transfers & ground transport

Alexandria transfers

Luxor transfers & ground transport

Transfers & ground transport in Aswan

Red Sea Transfers & ground transfers

Transfers & ground transport in Sinai

Sinai travel packages

2010-03-29T01:28:00.001+02:00

Explore the historic desert of Sinai. Learn why it is holy for many, meet the Bedouins, and tour its national parks. Travel to the fabulous sites in Sinai, Tour Egypt from Sinai, Sightseeing tours to Egypt attractions in Cairo, Alexandria, Luxor & Aswan, Sinai adventure excursions, Red sea snorkeling & Diving packages, St.Catherine.Enjoy travel packages from Sinai to Everywhere in Egypt.

Two Days Tour to Cairo

Two Days Tour to Cairo from Taba by road, sightseeing tour to cairo by road from Taba border or Taba hotel including an Egyptologist tour guide, entrance fees, accomodation and meals. Visit Giza Pyramids, Egyptian museum, Old Cairo, Cairo dinner cruise, sound & ligt show, ride a camel ir horse. felucca on the Nile and lots of other optional...

Cairo 3 Days Tour package

Have a great tour with fly2egy.com to Cairo in three days trip, sightseeing tours to Cairo most attractions, entertainment in Cairo by night, visit The Pyramids of Giza, famous Sphinx, Egyptian Museum, St. Mary, Coptic area of Cairo, the Hanging Church, SAKKARA, Necropolis and Memphis with qualified Egyptologist tour guide, entrance fees, accomodation...

Cairo & Alexandria sighteeing

Egypt tour packages from Taba border, 4 days from Taba border or Taba hotel to enjoy Cairo, sightseeing tours, day trips, attractions, must-see monuments, highlights, excursions, private & group tours, Alexandria library, pompay pillar, Catacombs, Roman amphitheater, Quitbay citadel,Montazah royal gardens & Alexandria National museum.

Sharm El Sheikh 4 days tour Package.

Looking for sun, sea and desert to enjoy the splendid nature ... here is the solution ... spend your life best 4 days with Fily2egy.com in Sinai best resorts ... Sharm El Sheikh, including pick up from Taba border and 4* hotel in Sharm.

2 Days Cairo bus Tour

The Great Pyramids and Sphinx of Giza, the Egyptian Museum, Tutankhamun treasures, Citadel of Salah el-Din with Alabaster Mosque, Khan el-Khalili bazaars and Coptic Cairo..these are just some of the amazing sights you will see on this history-filled overnight trip to Cairo. With Fly2egy.com Egyptologist guide to accompany you, hotel, meals & entrance...

Cairo, Alexandria & Luxor travel Package

A sightseeing travel package by plane from Dahab to enjoy visiting Egypt most famous attractions in Cairo, Luxor & Alexandria. Travel from Dahab to see Giza Pyramids & Sphinx, Egyptian museum, Alexandria citadel & famous library,visit Luxor temple, valley of kings & Karnak temples in three days sightseeing tour package from Dahab...

Cairo overnight flight excursion

Cairo overnight flight sightseeing excursion from Dahab, A private trip with daily departures, it takes you to the capital city in Egypt to visit Pyramids of Queops, Quephren and Mykerinus, Great Sphinx, Step Pyramid, Saqqara, Dahshur, Red Pyramid & Bent Pyramid, Egyptian Museum, Citadel of Salah El-Din, Old islamic & Coptic cairo and Khan El...

Luxor & Cairo sightseeing round Trip

Luxor & Cairo sightseeing round trip by plane from Dahab, fly from Dahab to Cairo & Luxor to enrich your sightseeing in Egypt famous attractions, visit Luxor east & west banks, valley of kings, Cairo museum, Giza Pyramids & Sphinx..

Cairo & Fayoum Oasis 2 Days

Cairo & Fayoum Oasis 2 Days Trip by Bus from Dahab, combine a sightseeing tour with a relaxing time in our premium trip offer from Dahab hotel. Visit Cairo must see sites go to the Pyramids, Egyptian museum, ride the Nile and the camel, visit Fayoum oasis, Quaron palace, water wheels, Pyramid of Hawara,Lahoun Pyramid..

Cairo & Alexandria sightseeing From Dahab

Cairo & Alexandria 2 Days sightseeing tour by Bus from Dahab, Visit Egypt most attractions in its ancient capitals departing from your Dahab hotel. Go to the Pyramids & Sphinx, Egyptian museum, ride the Nile and the camel, visit Alexandria, Mediterranean sea, catacombs, Alexandria library, Pompey pillar..join

Egypt ancient Capitals

Cairo & Alexandria 2 Days sightseeing tour by Bus from Sharm El sheikh, Visit Egypt most attractions in its ancient capitals departing from your Sharm El Sheikh hotel. Go to the Pyramids & Sphinx, Egyptian museum, ride the Nile and the camel, visit Alexandria, Mediterranean sea, catacombs, Alexandria library, Pompey pillar..join

Cairo, Alexandria & Luxor travel Package

A sightseeing travel package by plane from Sharm El Sheikh to enjoy visiting Egypt most famous attractions in Cairo, Luxor & Alexandria. Travel from Sharm El sheikh to see Giza Pyramids & Sphinx, Egyptian museum, Alexandria citadel & famous library,visit Luxor temple, valley of kings & Karnak temples in three days sightseeing tour package...

Cairo overnight flight excursion

Cairo overnight flight sightseeing excursion from Sharm El Sheikh, A private trip with daily departures, it takes you to the capital city in Egypt to visit Pyramids of Queops, Quephren and Mykerinus, Great Sphinx, Step Pyramid, Saqqara, Dahshur, Red Pyramid & Bent Pyramid, Egyptian Museum, Citadel of Salah El-Din, Old islamic & Coptic cairo and...

Cairo & Fayoum Oasis 2 Days

Cairo & Fayoum Oasis 2 Days Trip by Bus from Sharm El sheikh, combine a sightseeing tour with a relaxing time in our premium trip offer from Sharm El sheikh hotel. Visit Cairo must see sites go to the Pyramids, Egyptian museum, ride the Nile and the camel, visit Fayoum oasis, Quaron palace, water wheels, Pyramid of Hawara,Lahoun Pyramid..

Luxor & Cairo sightseeing round Trip

Luxor & Cairo sightseeing round trip by plane from Sharm El Sheikh, fly from Sharm El Sheikh to Cairo & Luxor to enrich your sightseeing in Egypt famous attractions, visit Luxor east & west banks, valley of kings, Cairo museum, Giza Pyramids & Sphinx..

PADI Open Water Diver course

PADI Open Water Diver Course in Sharm el Sheikh,the world's most popular scuba certification course in the world most famous diving spots in Red sea, Sharm El Sheikh, Ras mohamed & Tiran island national park, The course (4 days, 5 pools, 4 dives) includes full equipment, boat trip, transportation, dive instructor..

Moses' Mountain & St Catherine's Monastery

Adventure excursion from Sharm El Sheikh to Moses Mountain , See the sun rise over the desert on an unforgettable visit to the place where Moses received the 10 Commandments. With Fly2egy.com drive from Sharm for about 2 hours, climb the mountain up, experience the fantastic sunrise, descent towards St. Catherine Monastery for breakfast and journey on to...

2 Days Cairo bus Tour from Sharm Elsheikh

Sinai travel packages

2010-03-29T01:27:00.001+02:00

Two Days Tour to Cairo

Cairo 3 Days Tour package

Cairo & Alexandria sighteeing

Sharm El Sheikh 4 days tour Package.

2 Days Cairo bus Tour

Cairo, Alexandria & Luxor travel Package

Cairo overnight flight excursion

Luxor & Cairo sightseeing round Trip

Cairo & Fayoum Oasis 2 Days

Cairo & Alexandria sightseeing From Dahab

Egypt ancient Capitals

Cairo, Alexandria & Luxor travel Package

Cairo overnight flight excursion

Cairo & Fayoum Oasis 2 Days

Luxor & Cairo sightseeing round Trip

PADI Open Water Diver course

Moses' Mountain & St Catherine's Monastery

2 Days Cairo bus Tour from Sharm Elsheikh

Red sea travel packages

2010-03-29T01:22:00.001+02:00

Find and book Hurghada in/out tour packages surrounding Hurghada desert and in famous Red Sea, Enjoy a selection of sightseeing tours to Petra, Cairo, Luxor & Jerusalem. Adventure excursions, Safari trips to National parks, Red sea snorkeling & diving packages with lowest prices & best service guaranteed.

Sinai discovery package 3 days From Hurghada

Sharm El sheikh, St.Catherine, Moses mountin, Abu galoum, Ras Mohamed national park, Tiran island, Colored Canyon, Dahab& Abu Galum & Blue Hole, Quad Runner Safari, Dolphin Show, Bedouins tours, Camel riding, Horse riding& Star gazing, Aqua Parks..It is just some of what you will have the chance to see booking our 2 nights tour package to...

Hurghada 4 days tour package (Accomodation&transfers)

Tour package tailored to Enjoy one of the best Egyptian tourist destinations. The small town centre with its bazaars, mosques and lively atmosphere reflects typical Egyptian life. Further inland lie the Desert Mountains, ideal for desert tours. Most of all Hurghada offers sunshine and relaxation - all you could want for your holiday.

Sinai grand safari from Hurghada

A unique experience when you are in Hurghada, Sinai grand safari, visit the highlights of Sinai in one day trip from Hurghada, tour Sharm El Sheikh, Sinai colored Canyon, Nuwibaa, Dahab shopping and back to Hurghada in the same day, all here is included.

Moses mountain & st.catherine Monastery Over Night Trip From Hurghada

Overnight trip to Moses mountain & St.Catherine monastery from Hurghada, Visit St Catherine's Monastery, the most important religious site in Sinai in a private day trip from Hurghada. Travel with speed boat to Sharm El Sheikh, then in air-conditioned comfort van with your own tour guide who will introduce you to the history& religious...

Sharm El Sheikh city tour from Hurghada

One day is enough to tour the must see sites in Sharm El Sheikh, We pick you up from your Hurghada hotel to get the speed boat to Sharm El Sheikh, with your tour leader you will have the chance to visit most of Sharm El Sheikh highlights in one day trip from Hurghada.

Luxor one day by flight from Hurghada

Tour the ancient city of Thebes with Luxor sightseeing one day tour by plane departs privately every Wednesday from Hurghada, you'll have the chance to visit Luxor West Bank, Valley of the Kings and Hatshepsut Temple,lunch en route in good quality restaurant in Luxor, cross the river Nile by Felucca, explore The City of The Dead, the Colossi of Memnon...

2-Days Cairo & Alexandria from Hurghada

Visit Egypt most attractions in Egypt ancient capitals, Two days tour to Cairo and Alexandria from Hurghada with an excellent opportunity to explore Cairo city sights,go to the Pyramids, Egyptian museum, ride the Nile and the Camel, visit Alexandria, Mediterranean sea, Catacombs, Alexandria library and more...

2-Days Cairo & Fayoum Oasis by Coach From Hurghada

Two days tour to Cairo and Fayoum oasis from Hurghada with an excellent opportunity to explore Cairo city sights, the Egyptian Museum, Coptic Churches and fortress in Old Cairo and visit the Great Pyramids, Sphinx and Quaron palace, water wheels, Pyramid of Hawara,Lahoun Pyramid in Fayoum and more...

2 Days Cairo by plane sightseeing Tour From Hurghada

An overnight trip to Cairo from Hurghada by flight to enjoy a private tour to visit Pyramids of Queops,Quephren and Mykerinus,Great Sphinx,Step Pyramid,Saqqara,Dahshur,Red Pyramid&Bent Pyramid,Egyptian Museum,Citadel of Salah El-Din, All is included.

2-Day Luxor Tour from Hurghada By Coach

Spend a night in the ancient city of Thebes with our sightseeing Over Night trip from Hurghada by A/C Coach, to visit all Luxor major attractions. Explore the Valley of the Kings, Hatshepsut Temple, Luxor Temple, Valley of kings, visit Karnak Temples, the Colossi of Memnon, ride a Felucca on the river Nile to witness the amazing sunset view around BANANA...

2- Days Cairo Tour from Hurghada

The Great Pyramids and Sphinx of Giza, the Valley Temple, the Egyptian Museum, Old Cairo, Citadel of Salah el-Din , Alabaster Mosque, Babylon's Fortress, St. Sergio's church, the Suspended church, St. Barbara's Church and Khan el-Khalili bazaars, - these are just some of the amazing sights you will explore in our Cairo sightseeing overnight trip...

Luxor Day Trip by coach from Hurghada

Tour the ancient city of Thebes with Luxor sightseeing one day tour by A/C Coach departs privately on from Hurghada accompanied by Fly2egy.com Egyptologist, guide you'll see the West Bank Valley of the Kings and Hatshepsut Temple,lunch en route in quality restaurant in Luxor, cross the river Nile by Felucca, explore The City of The Dead, the Colossi...

Cairo & Luxor highlights Flying From Hurghada

A Sightseeing round trip to Cairo and Luxor from Hurghada to see the great pharaohs` temple and tombs, A private tour to visit Great Giza Pyramids Cheops,Chephren & Mykerinus, Egyptian Museum, karnak and Luxor temples, the Valley of the Kings, colossi of Memnon with Felucca ride on the Nile and more...

Cairo one day trip by plane from Hurghada

Cairo one day trip by plane from hurghada, A private sightseeing tour by flight from Hurghada to visit the Great Pyramids, the Sphinx and the Valley temple in Giza , the National Egyptian museum , the Coptic Churches and Fortress, Islamic Cairo & Khan El Khalili Bazaars with availailty to attend the Fabulous Sound and Light show at the Pyramids...

Cairo Day Trip from Hurghada by Coach

Pyramids day trip by bus from Hurghada, Travel to Cairo from Hurghada on a private tour with fly2egy.com to make the most of your time in this world-famous city.Visit Cairo's famous sites including Giza Pyramids & Sphinx, the Valley Temple, the Egyptian Museum, lunch en route in Cairo good quality restaurant near by the Pyramids then drive back to...

Luxor extended tours and travel packages

2010-03-29T01:19:00.001+02:00

Travel to the fabulous sites in Luxor, Tour Egypt departing from Luxor, navigate through A wide selection of Customized travel packages For full travel experience to Luxor, get the best price & enjoy our Hot Travel deals, Sightseeing & guided tours with hotel and transfer reservations. Find tours & travel plans that will help giving you a full view of where and what you must see in Luxor.

Cairo & Alexandria 2 days by Flight From Luxor

Maxmize your sightseeing in Egypt while you are in Luxor, flight tickets, car and guide, hotel in Cairo for your 2 days sightseeing tours between Cairo and Alexandria, the must see sites are Giza pyramids, Egyptian museum, Alexandria library, Catacombs, Quitbay citadel, shopping tours in both cites and much more..

Excursion to Dendara and Abydos from luxor

Excursion to Dendara and Abydos from Luxor, With Fly2egy.com Combine a morning in Dendara where you can visit the Temple of Hathor, Roman fountains, The two birth houses, a Coptic Basilica, a sanitarium, a sacred lake and the Temple of the Birth of Isis, before continuing to Abydos, home to "The Cult of Osiris",This is a private tour allowing you...

Dendara from Luxor by bus or boat

Travel from Luxor to Dendara with Fly2egy.com either by road in an air conditioned vehicle or by boat along the Nile River to see the well preserved Temple of Hathor with the two Roman fountains, two birth houses, a Coptic Basilica, a sanitarium, a sacred lake and the Temple of the Birth of Isis in one day sightseeing tour from your Luxor hotel.

Cairo sightseeing tour by plane From Luxor

Enjoy Cairo attractions, highlights and its mus see sites with Fly2egy.com a sightseeing tour to Cairo in a private day trip from Luxor by flight, discover The Pyramids of Cheops, Chephren and Mykerinus. Then proceed to visit the Great Sphinx,the Egyptian Museum, Christian & Jewish heritage through the Hanging Church and Ben Ezra Synagogue. Shopping...

Edu & Kom Ombo private day trip From Luxor

Enjoy a day tour to Edfu by road from Luxor and maxmize your sightseeing while you are there, Take a horse carriage to visit the majestic temple dedicated to Horus, see to the Temple of Kom Ombo in a private day trip with yor Egyptologist tour guide.

Luxor Sightseeing 4 Days tour Package

Luxor 4 days tour package including hotel, transfers and excursions for Luxor full experience, discover Luxor attractions, Luxor must-see monuments, Luxor highlights, Luxor by night, Luxor entertainment, Shopping tours in Luxor, Luxor East bank & West bank , Luxor Nile cruises, Valley of kings, Sound & light show in Karnak temple, Hatshebsut...

Day tour to Abu Simbel from Luxor

While you are in Luxor, Enjoy with Fly2egy.com a sightseeing tour to famous Abu simbel temples, the tour includes transportation, Egyptologist tour guide and entrance fees, it departs daily from your Luxor hotel or Nile cruise.

Cairo 2 days trip by flight from From Luxor

Enjoy a private 2 days trip to Cairo from Luxor by flight, discover the highlights and must see sites in Cairo, visit Egyptian Museum, Cairo by night, Giza Pyramids, Sphinx,Sound & light show, Old Cairo,Islamic sites, Saladdin citadel, Mohammed Ali mosque, Alabaster mosque, Khan ElKalili, Coptic Cairo, Bablyon fortress, hanging church, Ben Ezra...

Sharm El sheik 4 days by flight from Luxor

Hurghada 3 days tour package From Luxor

Looking for sun, sea and desert to enjoy the splendid nature, here is the solution ... spend your life best 3 days with Fily2egy.com in Red Sea best resorts ...Hurghada, including transfers and 4* hotel in Hurghada.

Luxor extended tours and travel packages

2010-03-29T01:18:00.001+02:00

Cairo & Alexandria 2 days by Flight From Luxor

Excursion to Dendara and Abydos from luxor

Dendara from Luxor by bus or boat

Cairo sightseeing tour by plane From Luxor

Edu & Kom Ombo private day trip From Luxor

Luxor Sightseeing 4 Days tour Package

Day tour to Abu Simbel from Luxor

Cairo 2 days trip by flight from From Luxor

Sharm El sheik 4 days by flight from Luxor

Hurghada 3 days tour package From Luxor

Cairo extended tours and travel packages

2010-03-29T01:15:00.001+02:00

Travel to the fabulous sites in Cairo & Giza, Tour Egypt departing from Cairo, navigate through A wide selection of Customized travel packages For full travel experience to Cairo, get the best price & enjoy our Hot Travel deals, Sightseeing & guided tours with hotel and transfer reservations. Find tours & travel plans that will help giving you a full view of where and what you must see in Cairo.

Alexandria Day Trip from Cairo

Alexandria Day Trip from Cairo, A private day trip by bus from Cairo to Alexandria, The second Capital of Egypt, The Pearl of the Mediterranean, Visit Alexandria must see sites in one day trip from Cairo.

Alexandria Over Night By Bus from Cairo

Alexandria Over Night By Bus, Depart from Cairo to Alexandria and discover Egypt from Alexandria, Visit Alexandria library, pompay piller, Catacombs, Roman amphiteater, Quitbay citadel,Montazah royal gardens, Alexandria National museum & more...

Cairo sightseeing tour package (4Days Trip)

Cairo 4 days tour package including hotel, transfers and excursions for Cairo full experience, discover Cairo attractions, Cairo must-see monuments, Cairo highlights, Cairo by night, Cairo entertainment, Shopping tours in Cairo, Giza Pyramids & Egyptian museum, Cairo Nile cruises, Coptic & Islamic Old Cairo, Sound & light show in Giza plateau...

Bahariya & White Desert safari Overnight Trip from Cairo

Visit the most beautiful desert in the whole world,enjoy the secrets of nature and give yourself the chance to be relaxed, Enjoy an excursion by a private air-conditioned vehicle to Bahariya Oasis and camping at White Desert, It is truly white, in clear contrast with the yellow desert elsewhere. Then onto the Black Desert and the Valley of El Haize with...

Visit Tanis & The Suez Canal Area From Cairo

Visit Tanis & The Suez Canal Area from Cairo, Departure from Cairo in the early morning, driving(Tanis) the delta capital of Ramses II, passing on the site of Bubastis where the cat was worshiped in ancient times, Then proceed to Ismailia on the Suez Canal for lunch & Return to Cairo.

Tour to Wadi El Natroun Monasteries From Cairo

Tour to Wadi El Natroun Monasteries from Cairo by bus, Drive to Wadi El-Natrun, the actual birthplace for Christian monasticism. Visit the only 4 survived monasteries into modern times.Basically, there were about 50 monasteries, Begin your trip with Deir al-Baramus, then proceeds to Deir Anba Bishoi and end your trip with Deir El-Suryani.

Overnight trip to St.Catherine Monastery From Cairo

Overnight trip to Moses mountain & St.Catherine monastery from Cairo, Visit St Catherine's Monastery, the most important religious site in Sinai in a private day trip from Cairo. Travel in air-conditioned comfort with your own personal Fly2egy.com tour guide who will introduce you to the history& religious significance of the monastery and its...

Overnight excursion to Petra From Cairo

Overnight excursion to Petra from Cairo, Depart from Cairo to Petra and discover the Red Rose Rock city, the city of the Nabateans & the lost city. Enjoy visiting the Great Treasury (Al-Khazneh Farun), the Roman Theatre, the Royal Tombs (the Rainbow Tomb is a must for photographers), as well as hundreds of monuments, tricliniums, and obelisks &...

Abu Simbel & Aswan by flight day Trip From Cairo

Abu Simbel & Aswan by flight one day sightseeing tour from Cairo, Enjoy a day to one of the most exciting places in Egypt.With Fly2egy.com Visit Philae Temple and Unfinished Obelisk in Aswan. Afterward, move to visit the magnificent Abu Simbel Temples, transfers, flight tickets, qualified tour guide and entrance fees are included.

Luxor sightseeing by plane fromCairo

Luxor sightseeing by plane from Cairo, Luxor travel, excursion from Cairo hotel by flight. Nowhere else in the world has such a wealth of antiquities of mankind as it has been in Luxor (Thebes) like Karnak Temples, Valley of the Kings, the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut etc..

Hurghada 3 days tour package From Cairo

Sharm El sheik 4 days by flight From Cairo

Cairo Buildings Intercultural Dialogue

With Fly2egy.com in 4 night tour to Egypt, Enjoy Cairo sightseeing, attractions, Visit the Pyramids, Sphinx, Sakkara, Zosser, Coptic Cairo, Alexandria must see sites, The Roman Theater, Catacomb, Citadel of Qaytbay, with transfers, accomodation and qualified Egyptologist guide in luxury private trip.

Fayoum Day Trip by bus from Cairo

Fly2egy.com will talke you today to the oasis town of Fayoum, El-Fayoum was the main place of worship of the crocodile god, Sobek.Of interest are the huge wooden waterwheels, Bahr Yusef, A great stone obelisk was erected in honor of Senwosret I in Abgig during the 12th Dynasty, a private daily guided tour.

Aswan extended tours and travel packages

2010-03-29T01:02:00.001+02:00

Travel to the fabulous sites in Aswan, Tour Egypt departing from Aswan, navigate through A wide selection of Customized travel packages For full travel experience to Aswan, get the best price & enjoy our Hot Travel deals, Sightseeing & guided tours with hotel and transfer reservations. Find tours & travel plans that will help giving you a full view of where and what you must see in Aswan.

Abu Simbel day trip by plane

Fast track your journey and take the quick route to see the magnificent temples of Abu Simbel with Fly2egy.com on an air tour from Aswan. With a qualified Egyptologist, visit the temple of Ramses II and his favorite wife Nefertari, Dailt tour departs from Aswan hotels or Port area.

Abu Simbel day trip by bus

Abu Simbel day trip by bus from Aswan, See the magnificent temples of Abu Simbel on a minibus tour from Aswan.With fly2egy.com qualified Egyptologist as your guide, you’ll enjoy a personalized visit to Temple of Ramses II &the smaller Temple of Hathor, Tour departs from Aswan hotels or Port area.

Cairo sightseeing tour by plane

Enjoy Cairo attractions, highlights and its mus see sites with Fly2egy.com a sightseeing tour to Cairo in a private day trip from Aswan by flight, discover The Pyramids of Cheops, Chephren and Mykerinus. Then proceed to visit the Great Sphinx,the Egyptian Museum, Christian & Jewish heritage through the Hanging Church and Ben Ezra Synagogue. Shopping...

Luxor East & West Banks private Day Trip

Private day trip to discover the highlights of both east and west banks Luxor (Thebes) from Aswan, it is a private one day trip with a private qualified Egyptologist tour guide , A/c modern van, sightseeing entrance fees and lunch are included to visit valley of kings, luxor temple, Karnak temples and much more for your pleasure.

Edu & Kom Ombo private day trip

Enjoy a day tour to Edfu by road from Aswan and maxmize your sightseeing while you are there, Take a horse carriage to visit the majestic temple dedicated to Horus, see to the Temple of Kom Ombo in a private day trip with yor Egyptologist tour guide.

Aswan Sightseeing tour package

Aswan 4 days tour package including hotel, transfers and excursions for Aswan full experience, discover Aswan attractions, Aswan must-see monuments, Aswan highlights, Aswan by night, Aswan entertainment, Shopping tours in Aswan, Aswan Nile cruises & more ..

Cairo 2 days trip by flight from Aswan

Enjoy a private 2 days trip to Cairo from Aswan by flight, discover the highlights and must see sites in Cairo, visit Egyptian Museum, Cairo by night, Giza Pyramids, Sphinx,Sound & light show, Old Cairo,Islamic sites, Saladdin citadel, Mohammed Ali mosque, Alabaster mosque, Khan ElKalili, Coptic Cairo, Bablyon fortress, hanging church, Ben Ezra...

Cairo & Alexandria 2 days by Flight From Aswan

Maxmize your sightseeing in Egypt while you are in Aswan, flight tickets, car and guide, hotel in Cairo for your 2 days sightseeing tours between Cairo and Alexandria, the must see sites are Giza pyramids, Egyptian museum, Alexandria library, Catacombs, Quitbay citadel, shopping tours in both cites and much more..

Sharm El sheik 4 days tour from Aswan

Hurghada 3 days tour package From Aswan

Egypt travel packages

2010-03-29T00:34:00.001+02:00

Discover our hot travel offers. Find & book your Egypt itinerary, extend your Egypt vacation & browse for more destinations. Enjoy travel packages to Cairo, Luxor & Aswan famous attractions, Sinai & Red sea excursions package for Sharm El Sheikh, Dahab, Taba & Hurghada featured excursions, Alexandria day & night, explore Egypt western desert with Safari & adventure programs to all Egypt oasis.

Cairo travel packages

Luxor travel packages

Aswan travel packages

Sinai travel packages

Red sea travel packages

Shore excursions from Suez port

2010-03-29T00:24:00.001+02:00

A range of sightseeing tours, shore trips & excursions for cruise ships & vessels calling at Suez port to explore tourist attractions in Cairo & Giza. Find and book sightseeing quick trips to GizaAlexandria sightseeing, Alexandria library, Catacombs, Montazah royal gardens and more of our top quality excursions with lowest rates. pyramids, Egyptian museum, Coptic & Islamic Cairo,

Coptic & Islamic Old Cairo,Shore Excursion from Suez Port

Shore excursion from Suez port to visit the Islamic and Coptic sites in Old Cairo (Roman fortress of Bablyon, the Hanging church, also called Al Mo'allaka church, then to St. Sergius which sheltered the holy family,Ben Ezra jewish synagouge,Saladdin citadel(photo stop),Amr Ibn Alas mosque(First mosque in Africa)& Khan Elkhalili bazaar).

Memphis & Dahshour shore excursion From Suez Port

A day trip from your cruise ship arriving Suez port to visit Egypt most attractions, Memphis the ancient capital and Dahshour famous Pyramids (the Red and Bent Pyramids), transfers, lunch, entrance fees and Egyptologist guide are included.

Cairo & Alexandria 2 days shore Excursion From Suez Port

Get a 2 days shore excursion from Suez port to enjoy visiting Egypt must see sites in both Alexandria & Cairo (Giza Pyarmids, Sphinx, Egyptian Museum, Catacombs, Qayetbay citadel, Alexandria library), transfers, entrance fees, hotel and Guide are included.

Cairo two days trip from Suez Port Shore excursion

Wonderful tour especially designed for those who want something really different and to know more about the ancient Egyptian history, Shore excursion for cruise ships arriving to Suez port to get the best of Cairo in 2 days sightseeing tour (Pyramids day trip to Memphis, Sakkara & Giza pyarmids & Cairo city tour to Egyptian museum, Old coptic...

Cairo one day trip from Suez port

Shore excursion from Suez port, one day sightseeing tour to Cairo highlights for vessels arriving Suez port, visit Giza Pyramids, Sphinx, Egyptian museum, Khan El Khalili bazaar, Lunch, Egyptologist tour guide and entrance fess are included.

Pyramids one day trip from Suez Port

We would like enhance your cruise by taking a private tour from Suez port with private guide to discover the ancient Pharaonic temples and historical sights of Egypt, pay a visit to Giza Pyramids, Sakkara & Memphis with lunch, entrance fess, transfers & Egyptologist tour guide, all are included.

Shore Excursions from Safaga port

2010-03-29T00:20:00.001+02:00

Find and book best and cheapest shore excursions from Safaga port to Luxor. Tour Luxor & Hurghada most famous attractions from your cruise ship calling at Safaga port. Explore the valley of kings, karnak temple, Hatshepsut temple, Luxor temple & Mummification museum. Hurghada city sightseeing, Red sea submarine, snorkeling trips, meet Bedouins, Enjoy the desert safari adventures & more.

Hurghada City tour from Safaga port

The best way to find your bearings when arriving in a new city is to take a city tour. This five -hour trip with your own Fly2egy.com private guide is the perfect way to see the sights of Hurghada from your cruise ship arriving Safaga port, return transfer is included.

Sharm El-Naga Bay & Snorkeling

Quick trip from your cruise ship arriving to Safaga port to explore the best of the Red sea..Sunbathing, swimming, snorkeling - is there any better way to spend a day in the Egyptian sun? A day of relaxation to Sharm El Naga.A wonderful day for those who love jumping in water to enjoy the coral reefs..and more

Luxor two days trip from Safaga Port

Luxor two days trip from Safaga Port, a shore excursion for cruise ships arriving Safaga port with private guide and car departs on daily basis to visit Luxor highlights, visit Karnak temple, Luxor temple, sail on the River Nile by Felucca, sound and light show at Karnak temple, Colossi of Memnon, Valley of the Kings and Hatshipsut temple.

Luxor one day trip from Safaga Port

In a quick trip for one day shore excursion departs daily from Safaga port, get the chance to visit Luxor east & west banks, with your qualified tour guide and a modern A/C van discover Karnak temple, Colossi of Memnon, the Valley of the Kings and Hatshepsut temple at El Deir El Bahary.

Quadrunner and Bedouin BBQ in Hurghada Desert From Safaga

Fly2egy.com gives you the chance to Combine adventure and culture departing from your port of call, a shore excursion from safaga port to take to the sands on a quad bike, followed by Camel ride, BBQ dinner with Bedouin people using the awesome desert sunset as yourbackdrop.

Red Sea Snorkeling day trip by Boat From Safaga Port

Shore excursion for cruise ships arriving to Safaga port, No trip to Hurghada would be complete without a day spent exploring the underwater world of the Red Sea, Snorkeling Trip at Giftun Island, This snorkeling trip with Fly2egy.com will take you to three spectacular sites where you can choose to jump in the water or simply lie on the decks and...

Sinbad Submarine excursion from Safaga Port

Experience with Fly2egy.com the underwater world of the Red Sea without getting wet! Board the Sinbad Submarine for an unforgettable underwater adventure for cruise ships arriving to Safaga port, You will have approximately 50 minutes underwater to enjoy the magical views of the underwater world at a depth of 72 feet (22 meters)...

Port Said shore excursions

2010-03-29T00:18:00.001+02:00

Explore the perfect way to spend your few hours in

Egypt

. Shore excursions for cruise ships & vessels calling at Port Said port, Find and book Shore Excursions, things to do, and other EgyptCairo attractions, Giza pyramids, River Nile, Sphinx, Egyptian museum & Khan El Khalili bazaar. Tour Alexandria sightseeing, Alexandria library, Catacombs ...before getting back to your ship. tours. Visit

Arrive Port Said & Depart Alexandria

Vessels or cruise ships arriving at port Said and depart from Alexandria. Two days tour with Fly2egy.com to discover Giza pyramids of Cheops, Chephren and Mykerinu. Then visit Memphis, the Step Pyramid at Sakkara, the Egyptian Museum, Alabaster mosque, Saladdin citadel, Old Cairo and more of Egypt famous attractions in an overnight shore trip...

Coptic & Islamic Old Cairo from Port Said

Sightseeing tour and Shore excursion from Port Said to visit the Islamic and Coptic sites in Old Cairo (Roman fortress of Bablyon, the Hanging church, also called Al Mo'allaka church, then to St. Sergius which sheltered the holy family,Ben Ezra jewish synagouge,Saladdin citadel(photo stop),Amr Ibn Alas mosque(First mosque in Africa)& Khan Elkhalili...

Cairo & Alexandria 2 days from Port Said

Get a 2 days shore excursion from port Said to enjoy visiting Egypt must see sites in both Alexandria & Cairo (Giza Pyarmids, Sphinx, Egyptian Museum, Catacombs, Qayetbay citadel, Alexandria library), Overnight shore trip from cruise ships arriving Port Said. Transfers, hotel and Guide are included.

Memphis & Dahshour shore Excursion From Port Said

A sightseeing tour, one day shore excursion from your cruise ship arriving port Said to visit Egypt most attractions, Memphis the ancient capital and Dahshour famous Pyramids (the Red and Bent Pyramids), transfers, lunch and qualified Egyptologist tour guide are included.

Cairo overnight from Port Said

Wonderful tour especially designed for those who want something really different and to know more about the ancient Egyptian history, Shore excursion for cruise ships arriving to port Said to get the best of Cairo in 2 days sightseeing tour (Pyramids day trip to Memphis, Sakkara & Giza pyarmids & Cairo city tour to Egyptian museum, Old coptic...

Cairo one day trip from Port Said

Shore excursion from Port Said, one day sightseeing tour to Cairo highlights for vessels arriving Port Said, visit Giza Pyramids, Sphinx, Egyptian museum, Khan El Khalili bazaar and transfer back to join your cruise in Port said or Alexandria. Lunch & Egyptologist tour guide are included.

Giza Pyramids from Port Said

We would like enhance your cruise by taking a sightseeing tour from Port Said with qualified Egyptologist tour guide to discover the ancient Pharaonic temples and historical sights of Egypt, pay a visit to Giza Pyramids, sphinx, Step Pyramid, Sakkara & Memphis with lunch, transfers & Egyptologist tour guide, all are included.

Shore trips from Ein El Sokhna port

2010-03-29T00:16:00.003+02:00

Travel to the fabulous sites in Cairo, Giza & Alexandria from your cruise ship arriving at Ein El Sokhna port. Fill your few hours in Egypt with exotic sights, sounds and scents of Pharaonic temples and tombs. Explore Cairo must see sites, Local life style, Giza Pyramids & Sphinx. Tour Alexandria sightseeing, Alexandria library, Catacombs & roman theatre before getting back to your ship.

Memphis & Dahshour shore Excursion From Ein Elsokhna Port

A day trip from your cruise ship arriving Ein El sokhna port to visit Egypt most attractions, Memphis the ancient capital and Dahshour famous Pyramids (the Red and Bent Pyramids), transfers, lunch, entrance fees and Egyptologist guide are included.

Coptic & Islamic Old Cairo,shore Excursion From Ein Elsokhna port

Shore excursion from Ein El Sokhna port to visit the Islamic and Coptic sites in Old Cairo (Roman fortress of Bablyon, the Hanging church, also called Al Mo'allaka church, then to St. Sergius which sheltered the holy family,Ben Ezra jewish synagouge,Saladdin citadel(photo stop),Amr Ibn Alas mosque(First mosque in Africa)& Khan Elkhalili bazaar).

Cairo & Alexandria 2 days shore Excursion from Ein Elsokhna Port

Get a 2 days shore excursion from Ein El Sokhna port to enjoy visiting Egypt must see sites in both Alexandria & Cairo (Giza Pyarmids, Sphinx, Egyptian Museum, Catacombs, Qayetbay citadel, Alexandria library), transfers, entrance fees, hotel and Guide are included.

Pyramids one day trip from Ein Elsokhna Port

We would like enhance your cruise by taking a private tour from Ein El Sokhna port with private guide to discover the ancient Pharaonic temples and historical sights of Egypt, pay a visit to Giza Pyramids, Sakkara & Memphis with lunch, entrance fess, transfers & Egyptologist tour guide, all are included.

Cairo two days trip from Ein Elsokhna Port shore Excurtion

Wonderful tour especially designed for those who want something really different and to know more about the ancient Egyptian history, Shore excursion for cruise ships arriving to Ein El Sokhna port to get the best of Cairo in 2 days sightseeing tour (Pyramids day trip to Memphis, Sakkara & Giza pyarmids & Cairo city tour to Egyptian museum, Old...

Cairo one day trip from Sokhna Port

Cairo day trip from Sokhna Port, One day shore excursion to Giza & Cairo. with fly2egy.com private Egyptologist guide satisfy your needs to discover Giza Plateau, Great Pyramid of Cheops, middle pyramids of Chephren and the little one of Mykerinos and mysterious Sphinx,the valley temple, Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, Old Cairo, it is all...